EMC or electromagnetic compatibility is an essential feature for any device that contains electronics with the possibility to generate or cause an electromagnetic field that may result in a disturbance in nearby electronics.
When it comes to vehicles, the need for automotive EMC test procedures continues to be of importance. One of the reasons this is so critical is the very small space possible in a vehicle and the sheer number of components now operating on electronics.
Internal and External RF Noise
There are several reasons why new car prototypes need to go through an automotive EMC test early and often. The number of electronic components in the vehicle will be a factor, but so will their risk of being exposed to potential sources of RF (Radio Frequency) noise for external sources. These external sources may be other vehicles or electronic devices used in or on the car. If the test is not comprehensive, there can be sudden and unexpected changes to the operation of the electronic systems, potentially creating serious safety issues.
Some examples of off-board or external sources of RF noise can include telecommunication towers, utility transfer stations, and towers or even equipment operated in businesses or industrial applications.
When to Test
Ideally, the vehicle manufacturer will include engineers in the design and development phase for both the choice of electronic components and how they will integrate into the complete system.
By completing the automotive EMC test early and often it is possible to determine potential issues and correct them quickly and efficiently, keeping the vehicle production on schedule and reducing the risk of significant redesign requirements.
Testing each component for electromagnetic compatibility is one step, but so is testing the components working together in the vehicle’s electronic system. The different options in testing equipment can provide accurate test results for both this internal noise as well as the external RF noise that needs to be considered.
